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CONTENTS FOREWORD ARTICLES Alternatives: a socio-political
commentary from the USA. In vitro toxicity
testing: purpose, validation and strategy. In vitro toxicology:
a challenge for the 21st century. Cosmetic safety. Adverse effects in
animals and their relevance to refining scientific procedures. Animal pain scales
in public policy. The use of animals
in behavioural sciences education in the USA: finding alternatives that
address personal concerns and ethical dilemmas. Reduction of animal
experiments in education in the Netherlands. Alternatives to and
reduction of animal use in biomedical research, education and testing.
A decade of European
legislation -- can we legislate for humanity. Information systems
and databases as alternatives. The safety evaluation
of drugs and chemicals by the use of computer optimised molecular parametric
analysis of chemical toxicity (COMPACT). Analogy models for
prediction of human toxicity. In vitro alternatives
for ocular safety testing: an outline of assays and possible future developments.
Applications of the
neutral red cytotoxicity assay to in vitro toxicology. Loss of trans-epithelial
impermeability of a confluent monolayer of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)
cells as a determinant of ocular irritancy potential. In vitro testing of
neurotoxicity. An investigation of
aluminium neurotoxicity using some in vitro systems. Precision-cut guinea-pig
liver slices as a tool for studying the toxicity of volatile anaesthetics.
The fish pigment cell:
an alternative model in biomedical research. Comparative sensitivity
of two mouse lymphoid tumour cell lines (P388 and P388D1) for five anticancer
drugs in vitro. Applications of human
peripheral blood lymphocytes in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Studies of metabolism
mediated mutagenicity in vitro. The use of liver cell
cultures derived from different mammalian species in in vitro toxicological
studies: implementation and extrapolation models? The role of cell culture
in improving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In vitro models to
study mechanisms of lung toxicity. Comparative cytotoxicity
rankings of four aminoglycoside antibiotics in the Chang, SIRC and LLC-PK1
cell lines. Drosophila melanogaster
embryo cultures: an in vitro teratogen assay. Progestins and antiprogestins:
a review of their role in medicine and bioassays used in their development.
Report and recommendations
of the CAAT/ERGATT workshop on the validation of toxicity test procedures.
Report and recommendations
of an international workshop on promotion of the regulatory acceptance
of validated non-animal toxicity test procedures. An international reference
chemical databank would accelerate the development, validation and regulatory
acceptance of alternative toxicology tests. BOOK REVIEWS What is an animal?
/ Animal protection through alternatives / Progress toward the validation
and recognition of alternatives to animal experiments / Handbook of in
vivo toxicity testing / Animal testing and consumer products. AUTHOR INDEX Volume
17, Number 1 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES Toxicological responses
to zinc, copper and cadmium in a rat intestinal cell line. Lead interference
in actin redistribution induced by chemotactic peptide in human neutrolphils.
Cytotoxic and genotoxic
effects of 10 N-nitroso compounds in a hepatoma cell line (Hep G2): Comparison
with human hepatocyte primary cultures. A vital dye release
method for assaying the short-term cytotoxic effects of chemicals and
formulations. In vitro cytoxicity
of 24 chemicals to mouse teratocarcinoma cells. The legal position
regarding animal experimentation in South Africa. Abstracts from Alternativen zu Tierexperimenten Vols 9 & 10 La Fondation Assistance
aux Animaux Soutient ATLA The use of animals
in research related to epilepsy and other disorders in which convulsions
may occur / Applied animals behaviour science: Bio-ethics '87 / Carcinogen
risk assessment: New directions in the qualitative and quantitative aspects
/ Dictionary of ethology / The isolated hepatocyte: Use in toxicology
and xenobiotic biotransformations / Humans and other animals. Application of tissue
culture in toxicology classification schemes and LD50 testing: Opportunities
for change. SELECTED TITLES Volume
17, Number 2 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES Use of the rainbow
trout hepatoma cell line, RTH-149, in a cytotoxicity assay. Monoclonal antibodies:
in vivo and in vitro production on a laboratory scale, with consideration
of the legal aspects of animal protection. Cytotoxicity evaluation
of the first ten MEIC chemicals: Acute lethal LD50 tests in rodents. A case study on the
impact of clinically-observed abnormalities in mice with gallstones on
the ethical admissibility of a projected experiment with gallstone-bearing
mice. Scoring cytotoxicity
by image analysis using animal cell cultures. CONFERENCE DIARY CONFERENCE REPORT Computers in toxicology.
Risk assessment --
The common ground / Worse than the disease. Volume
17, Number 3 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES The Seventh Scandanavian
Society for Cell Toxicology Congress on In Vitro Toxicology Spindle-inhibiting
effects of metal compounds studied by chromosome length measurement. A comparative study
of the effects of carbon tetrachloride on neurons, astrocytes and hepatocytes.
Morphometric registration
of cytotoxic changes of epithelial cells in vitro: A methodological study.
µ-Opiate receptors
in neuronal primary cultures from cerebral cortex. Cytotoxic and enzyme-inducing
effects of rodent diets and cage bedding materials: Evaluation by a cell
culture study. Determination of ATP
leakage from cultured cells in toxicity testing: A two-step bioluminescent
assay. Cellular intoxication
with Clostridium difficile toxin B. Spindle-inhibiting
effects of organotin compounds: Effects of trimethyltin on chromosome
length. The Medi-Cult®
Hybritest for in vitro toxicology and quality control. Yeast cells as a test
system for in vitro toxicology and quality control. Microglia cells in
primary cultures exposed to triethyllead. Membrane vesiculation
induced by amphiphiles. Effects of membrane
directed neurotoxicants on the contractile activity of cultured skeletal
muscle cells. In vitro toxicity
to two cellular systems of the first ten chemicals on the MEIC list. Use of isolated tight
epithelia to study the site and mode of drug action on cell membrane transport:
Effect of the antipsychotic agent trifluoperazine. A short-term bovine
sperm cell assay for the evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of chemicals.
Receptor and carrier
regulated transport of Na+-valproate in primary astroglial cultures. Multivariate validation
of cell toxicity data: The first ten MEIC chemicals. Hepatotoxicity of
opiates and cocaine on different hepatic cellular systems. Evaluation of the
cytotoxicity of 18 compounds in six rat cell lines. The use of marine
algae for evaluation of heavy metal pollution. Quantification of
eye irritation based upon in vitro changes of corneal thickness. AROUND THE WORLD BOOK REVIEWS Guidelines on the
care of laboratory animals and their use for scientific purposes / Biotechnology
and the environment: international regulation / Animals and people sharing
the world / Advances in immuno-modulation / Audiovisual materials concerning
the care, use, behaviour and general biology of animals. SELECTED TITLES Volume
17, Number 4 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES A computer simulation
of the cat nictitating membrane preparation in vivo for teaching undergraduate
pharmacology students. Isolation and maintenance
of continuous cultures of epithelial cells from chemically-injured adult
rabbit lung. Development of potential
alternatives to the Draize eye test: The CTFA evaluation of alternatives
program. The EYTEXTM system
and the Neutral Red Uptake Inhibition Assay in cultured Hep G2 cells as
alternative methods for in vivo eye irritation following the EEC protocol.
An RSPCA/FRAME survey
of the use of non-human primates as laboratory animals in Great Britain,
1984-1988. In vitro cytotoxicity
of 26 coded chemicals to Hep-2 cells: A validation study. COMMENT INVITTOX Protocols.
Animals in military
wound research and training / The control of human retrovirus gene expression
/ Animal revolution: Changing attitudes towards specisism / Bioprocesses
including animal cell culture / International medecines regulations: A
forward look to 1992 / Animal welfare: The story of the Animal Liberation
Front / A revolution in biotechnology / Scientific alternatives to animal
experiments / Animal experimentation: Legislation and education / Vaccines
'89: Modern approaches to new vaccines including prevention of AIDS /
The dictionary of cell biology / Animal liberators: Reserach and morality
/ Biotransformations Volume II: Survey of the biotransformations of drugs
and chemicals in animals / The selfish gene -- second edition / Genetic
engineering: Catastrophe or utopia? / Recessive oncogenes and the tumor
suppression / Genes and embryos / Signifying animals: Human meaning in
the natural world / Genetic analysis of tumour suppression / Risk assessment
of chemicals in the environment. CONFERENCE DIARY SELECTED TITLES SUBJECT INDEX AUTHOR INDEX SELECTED TITLES INDEX Volume
16, Number 1 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES The detection of reactive
metabolites generated by the microsomal mixed function oxidase system.
Third Meeting of the
Italian Group for the Application of Tissue Culture in Toxicology Human granulocyte
LTB4 production and respiratory burst impaired by styrene. Kinetic studies of
cultured human keratinocytes: A comparison between 5-bromodeoxyuridine
and tritriated thymidine incorporation. Hepatoma cell cultures
as in vitro models for the hepatotoxicity of xenobiotics. An in vitro toxicity
assay for human endothelial cells. Metal toxicity and
metallothionein mRNA induction in a rat intestinal cell line. Interaction of neutrophils
with endothelial cells fibroblasts and their extracellular matrices: Microscopic
and computerised analysis. In vitro modulation
of glutathione levels by buthionine-S, R-sulphoximine in a human cell
line: Effect on cytotoxicity. Toxicity of Fenclor
42 on immunocompetent cells. Meeting Abstracts The use of the placenta
as an alternative to animal experimentation In vitro cytotoxicity
of 150 chemicals to 3T3-L1 cells, assessed by the FRAME Kenacid Blue method.
BOOK REVIEWS Toxic hazard assessment
of chemicals / Developmental toxicology: Mechanisms and risk / Culture
of animal cells: A manual of basic technique / Animal cell technology
/ Toxicology of pesticides: Experimental, clinical and regulatory perspectives
/ Vivisection in historical perspective / In vitro methods in toxicology.
Abstracts from Alternativen
zu Tierexperimenten Vols 7 & 8. CONFERENCE DIARY SELECTED TITLES Volume
16, Number 2 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES Laboratory animals
in bacterial vaccine control and some opportunities for replacement, reduction
and refinement. Induction of porphyrin
biosynthesis in the non-animal experimental model of tissue explant cultures:
prevention and reversal by the antimitotic colchicine. An approach to pain.
An in vitro method
for examining the effects of human monocytes on the durability of glass
fibres. Computer simulations
in teaching neuromuscular pharmacology -- Time for a change from traditional
methods? SHORT NOTES Choice of acute toxicity
measures for comparison of in vivo/in vitro toxicity Abstracts of the first
meeting of the Belgian Experimental Toxicology Group. CONFERENCE REPORT BOOK REVIEWS In the company of
animals / Modern approaches to animal cell technology / Information resources
in toxicology -- second edition / Vaccines 87-88. Volume
16, Number 3 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES The Sixth Scandanavian
Society for Cell Toxicology Congress on Toxicity Testing in Cellular Systems
Cultured human bronchial
cells as a model system in lung toxicology and carcinogenesis: Implications
from studies with acrolein. Uptake of sodium valproate
and effects on GABA transport in astroglial primary culture. Glial cells in primary
cultures exposed to mercury and lead. Effects of organic
and inorganic selenium on mercury accumulation in cultures of normal human
epithelial cells. Phorbol esters stimulate
phospholipase D activity in C-6 glioma cells. Effects of budesonide
and dexamethasone on cell morphology, thymidine incorporation and glutamine
synthetase activity in rat primary astroglial culture Astroglial receptors
as putative targets for neurotoxic agents. Membrane alterations
induced by amphiphiles. Development of monoamine
oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase in reaggregating cultures of fetal
rat brain cells. Effects of carbon
tetrachloride on neuronal differentiation in rat embryo mid-brain micromass
cultures. Estimation of LC50
values by assay of lactate dehydrogenase and DNA redistribution in human
lymphocyte cultures. SHORT NOTES A program for simulation
of the effects of drugs on the performance of the normal heart and in
congestive heart failure. CONFERENCE REPORT Industrial In Vitro
Toxicology Group US Acute and sub-acute
toxicology / UKCCCR guidelines for the welfare of animals in experimental
neoplasia / Vaccination and immunization: dangers, delusions and alternatives
(what every parent should know) / An introduction to animal law / Nongenotoxic
mechanisms in carcinogenesis / The dreaded comparison: human and animal
slavery / Threatened primates of Africa / Biology and diseases of the
ferret. Volume
16, Number 4 CONTENTS EDITORIAL NEWS & VIEWS ARTICLES Carbachol HCl-induced
opacity of porcine isolated cornea. Introducing INVITTOX:
The ERGATT/FRAME in vitro toxicology data bank. Glumatic acid uptake
inhibition assay in cultured Hep G2 cells as an alternative method for
evaluating potential in vivo irritation. COMMENT The moral status of
animals and The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986. Advances in applied
toxicology / Guidelines for the recognition and assessment of pain in
animals / Benchmarks: Alternative methods in toxicology / Cruelty to animals:
The moral debt / Microcomputers in physiology: A practical approach /
New developments in biotechnology: Patenting life -- special report /
In vitro techniques in research: Recent advances / Laboratory animals
in vaccine production and control: Replacement, reduction and refinement
/ Euthanasia of amphibians and reptiles / Experimental toxicology -- The
basic issues / Disturbance index method for assessing severity of procedures
on rodents / Keyguide to information sources in animal rights / Laboratory
animal and anaesthesia -- An introduction for research workers and technicians
/ Biotransformations / The laboratory hamster / The biology and medicine
of rabbits and rodents. CONFERENCE REPORT Animal use in education
SUBJECT INDEX AUTHOR INDEX SELECTED TITLES INDEX
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